Networked Control Systems (NCSs) have been implemented in several different\nindustries. The integration with advanced communication networks\nand computing techniques allows for the enhancement of efficiency of industrial\ncontrol systems. Despite all the advantages that NCSs bring to industry,\nthey remain at risk to a spectrum of physical and cyber-attacks. In this paper,\nwe elaborate on security vulnerabilities of NCSs, and examine how these vulnerabilities\nmay be exploited when attacks occur. A general model of NCS designed\nwith three different controllers, i.e. , proportional-integral-derivative\n(PID) controllers, Model Predictive control (MPC) and Emotional Learning\nController (ELC) are studied. Then three different types of attacks are applied\nto evaluate the system performance. For the case study, a networked pacemaker\nsystem using the Zeeman nonlinear heart model (ZHM) as the plant\ncombined with the above-mentioned controllers to test the system performance\nwhen under attacks. The results show that with Emotional Learning\nController (ELC), the pacemaker is able to track the ECG signal with high fidelity\neven under different attack scenarios.
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